Education in Lithuania
A child who has received a residence permit is entitled to go to a free municipal institution for training. The education system in Lithuania looks as follows:
Preschool education
The system of preschool education in Lithuania is represented by nurseries and kindergartens. The nurseries are made for babies up to three years old, from the age of three children start to attend younger groups in kindergartens. There are 741 pre-school child care facilities In Lithuania.
Programs in existing pre-school institutions are primarily aimed at developing the children’s logical thinking and their preparation for school attendance. In Lithuania, there are kindergartens with in-depth study of certain subjects, which training programs are focused on certain disciplines. The more so, there are groups for foreign-speaking children in some kindergartens. There are also separate preschool institutions, where education is conducted in English, Russian and other languages.
Primary School
Primary education in Lithuania is compulsory. Children usually go to the first grade at the age of 7, but at the parents’ request, it is possible even at an earlier age. The children start attending the first grade at the age of 7 and go to primary school for 4 years. The Lithuanian elementary school educational program is aimed at developing reading and writing skills, logical thinking of a child, speeking and communication skills. Classes in elementary grades are held mainly in the form of a game. The foreign languages are already been taught at this age. There is no knowledge assessment system at this stage. Children are tested only at the end of primary school. According to the testing results, a decision is made whether to transfer the child to the main school (progymnasium). There is also a good choice of commercial schools with non-standard methods of education in Lithuania, which are aimed at identifying and developing strong sides of a child.
Secondary education system
Progymnasium
Children study from grades 5 to 10 in the pro-gymnasium. Herein they get basic general education – the minimum educational level established by Lithuanian legislation for the citizens. Children attend grades 5-10 compulsory regardless of their future plans for life.
Gymnasiums
In gymnasiums, children study for 2 years – grades 11-12. This, as a rule, enrolls students who decide to continue their education in a higher educational institution. In this regard, most high schools are profiled. The student can choose a humanitarian, mathematical, natural science or art gymnasium. At the end of the 12th grade, the student passes the exams: a compulsory Lithuanian language and 3 more subjects to choose from.
Inclusive education for children with disabilities
Teaching disabled children is a current social problem in Lithuania. There are specialized educational institutions in the country where children with disabilities can study. In addition, a disabled child has the right to receive education in ordinary general education schools along with peers. The Government of the Republic of Lithuania is sensitive to the problem of children with disabilities.
Distance learning
Distance learning is becoming increasingly popular in Lithuania. For some children of school age, this way of getting education becomes the only way to master the school curriculum in comfortable conditions. A certain percentage of schoolchildren have problems with social adaptation. It is difficult for such children to join the team, get used to their peers, teachers, they feel stiff at the blackboard, attending a regular school becomes a real stress for them. Lithuanian legislation is allowed to make a choice in favor of distance learning, and the child can master the school curriculum at home with the help of teachers or independently. In addition, the frequency of the final test is also chosen independently – it is allowed to take exams once every three months, once a semester or once a year. This way of learning is also acceptable for adults who receive primary, general or secondary education. To move to distance learning, one must:
- apply to the school principle who will supervise the educational process (if the student has not yet reached the age of 14, the application is made by one of the parents);
- decide on the frequency of the final test (how long the final exams will be taken);
- Present a document certifying identity.
In order to increase loyalty to the citizens of foreign countries residing in the territory of the Republic of Lithuania, special “leveling classes” are created at schools and gymnasiums, where children who do not know the Lithuanian language well, are taught. As a rule, the language “leveling classes” are 20-25 hours per week.
Academic year
The academic year in Lithuania, as in many countries of the world, begins on 1st of September. On this day, classes start in all educational institutions: schools, gymnasiums, colleges and universities. The school year lasts until 30th of June, after which pupils and students, having successfully passed the exams, are sent on a well-deserved vacation. The academic year in the Lithuanian universities and vocational schools is divided into semesters. In schools and gymnasiums – into smaller educational cycles: quarters.
Secondary vocational education
Pupils who have graduated from progymnasium after the 10th grade have the right to enter a secondary vocational school. Secondary vocational education in Lithuania is represented by vocational schools. Here students receive a complete general education and professional qualifications. Duration of training is from one to two years. Upon completion, the final exams are taken. Graduates of vocational schools have the right to continue their studies in higher education institutions for undergraduate and graduate programs.
Higher education
Higher educational institutions in Lithuania are represented by universities, academies, colleges and seminaries. University and academic education in Lithuania has a two-level structure: bachelor and master.
A significant advantage is that Lithuania is a party to the Bologna Agreement, after graduating from a Lithuanian university; a graduate receives a European diploma, which is recognized worldwide. Lithuanian universities take an active part in student exchange programs. Thus, it is possible to study not only in Lithuania, but also in one of the other European countries. There is the possibility of choosing the language of instruction in commercial universities. The Government of the Republic of Lithuania has developed a broad program of financing students – citizens of the CIS countries, introduced a system of scholarships and grants for foreign students.
The affordable cost of education, food, accommodation, loyalty to students from other countries, the chance to get scholarships and grants attract each year applicants from different countries, increasing the percentage of students who are not residents of the Republic of Lithuania. And the opportunity to get a job in the specialty after graduation and stay in the country makes studying in Lithuanian educational institutions one of the most effective ways of immigration.
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